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PTP Online Top > Supplement (1988) > No.97A

Prog. Theor. Phys. Supplement No.97A (1988) pp. 1-213

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Multiparticle Production in Particle and Nuclear Collisions. I

Tekeshi Kanki, Kisei Kinoshita,* Hiroyuki Sumiyoshi** and Fujio Takagi***

Faculty of Science and Technology, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka 577
*Physics Department, Faculty of Education, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890
**Matsusho Gakuen Junior College, Niimura, Matsumoto 390-12
***Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980

(Received February 6, 1989)

Abstract:

The dominant phenomenon in high-energy particle and nuclear collisions is multiple production of hadrons. This had attracted may physicists in 1950's, the period of the first remarkable development of particle physics. Multiparticle production was already observed in cosmic-ray experiments and expected to be explained as a natural consequence of the strong Yukawa interaction. Statistical and hydrodynamical models were then proposed by Fermi, Landau and others. These theories are still surviving even today as a prototype of modern “fire-ball” models.
After twenty years, a golden age came in this field of physics. It was closely related to the rapid development of accelerator facilities, especially, the invention of colliding-beam machines which yield high enough center-of-mass energies for studying reactions with high multiplicity. Abundant data on final states of multiparticle production have been accumulated mainly by measuring inclusive cross sections and multiplicity distributions.
In super high-energy pp collisions at CERN SppS Collider, we confirmed the increasing total cross section and found violations of many scaling laws which seemed to be valid at lower energies. This suggests a fundamental complexity of the multiparticle phenomena and offers new materials for further development of theoretical investigations. In the same period, studies of constituent (quark-gluon) structure of hadrons had also been develped. Nowadays, pysicists believe that the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the fundamental law of the hadronic world. Multiparticle dynamics should also be described by QCD. We have known that the hard-jet phenomena are well explained by the perturbative QCD. On the other hand, the soft processes are considered to be non-perturbative phenomena which have not yet been solved, and related to the mechanism of the color confinement and formation of strings or color-flux tubes. Multiparticle production would offer useful information on this outstanding problem.
Experiments on lepton-induced jet-phenomenology in TRISTAN (KEK) have started already and further development will be expected also at LEP (CERN), SLC (Stanford) and others. For the hadronic and nuclear reactions, we would encounter many new exciting physics, in near future, at Tevatron (Fermi Lab.), the dream facility SSC (under planning), RHIC (Brookhaven) and others. Experiments on proton-antiproton collisions at TeV energies and on relativistic heavy-ion collisions have already started. The latter investigates the possible phase transition of hadronic matter into quark-gluon plasma. Experimental confirmation of this phase transition would give big effects on many branches of physics. As a whole, the future of physics on multiparticle production will be quite promising. Therefore, we especially expect a fresh power by many young theorists in this field of physics.
Multiparticle dynamics is related to many branches of particle and nuclear physics, and it utilizes variety of methods and models. It well be therefore a rather troublesome task to grasp the present status of this widely extended physics as a whole. There are many excellent review papers. However, they are concerned with rather restricted topics with current interest. At this situation, it will be useful if there is a comprehensive review which covers a whole domain of multiparticle dynamics. This is the point of the author's motivation for writing the present review article. We hope that this article will contribute to a partial resolution of the above mentioned situation and in particular, young theorists then become more interested in this field.
In writing the present article, the authors have put their attention to the following points: It should cover most of important topics of multiparticle dynamics at high energies, including e+e- annihilation, lepton-hadron and nuclear reactions; it should be described on the basis of modern viewpoint, especially, of QCD as far as we can; it should also cover good phenomenological models or pictures even though their theoretical foundations are not yet clear; it should be compact, comprehensive and self-contained. On the other hand, the reference list in this article will not be complete. As a very wide range of subject was covered, it was impossible to make a complete list by limitations of the authors' ability and of the time for editorial works. Instead, we selected the references only from the following points; references more comprehensible, more easily accessible by the reader, i.e., more in jounals than in books or conference papers. The reader would find detailed reference lists in each reference cited in this article. Even many original references are then omitted. We apologize to the authors of uncited papers. About how to read this review, the reader will find the detailed suggestions in A1 (Section 1 of Chapter A).
In the past decade, many excellent research meetings on multiparticle production have been held at RIFP (Kyoto University), INS (Tokyo University) and KEK. These meetings were very effective for supporting active research works in this field in Japan. We deeply appreciate the promotions by these institutions. The authors are especially grateful to Professor Z. Maki for his continual encouragement and suggestion of this issue. Our thanks are also due to M. Biyajima, K. Hirose, T. Kagiyama, A. Minaka, O. Miyamura, H. Noda, K. Saito, N. Suzuki and T. Tashiro for useful discussions.


URL : http://ptp.ipap.jp/link?PTPS/97A/1/
DOI : 10.1143/PTPS.97A.1

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